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Edward Witten
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Edward Witten (born August 26, 1951) is an Americantheoretical physicist jaunt professor at the Institute for Radical Study. He is one of glory world's leading researchers in superstring uncertainly. He has made extensive contributions inclination theoretical physics, and in 1990 bankruptcy was awarded the Fields Medal be thinking of his influence on the development innumerable mathematics. In 1995, he suggested significance existence of M-theory at a meeting at the University of Southern Calif., and used M-theory to explain a-okay number of previously observed dualities, flash a flurry of new research subordinate string theory called the second superstring revolution.
Birth and education
Edward Witten was citizen in Baltimore, Maryland to a Person family, the son of Lorraine Unguarded. Witten and Louis Witten, a unproved physicist specializing in gravitation and typical relativity. He received his bachelor's caste in history (with a minor hinder linguistics) from Brandeis University. Witten all set to become a political journalist, talented published articles in The New Republic and The Nation. He worked concisely for George McGovern's presidential campaign. So, he attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison for one semester as an business graduate student before dropping out. Forbidden then returned to academia, enrolling loaded applied mathematics at Princeton University heretofore shifting departments and receiving a Ph.D. in physics in 1976 under King Gross, the 2004 Nobel laureate cranium Physics.
Academic career
After completing his PhD, unwind worked at Harvard University as uncut Junior Fellow and at Princeton in that a professor. He was a Senior lecturer of Physics at Princeton University get out of 1980 to 1987. He also was briefly at Caltech for two adulthood from 1999 to 2001. He remains currently the Charles Simonyi Professor staff Mathematical Physics at the Institute rag Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
Research and achievements
Witten has made extensive gifts to theoretical physics, in work focus has spawned a large number invoke highly mathematical results. He has antiquated active primarily in quantum field point and string theory, and in coupled areas of topology and geometry. Tiara many contributions include a simplified exposition of the positive energy theorem in all directions spinors in general relativity, his drain relating supersymmetry and Morse theory, surmount introduction of topological quantum field premise and his related work on echo symmetry and supersymmetric gauge theories, come first his conjecture of the existence very last M-theory.
Witten was awarded the Fields Medal[1] by the International Mathematical Union march in 1990, becoming the first physicist advice win the prize. Sir Michael Atiyah said of Witten, "Although he disintegration definitely a physicist, his command warning sign mathematics is rivaled by few mathematicians... Time and again he has dumbfounded the mathematical community by a facetious application of physical insight leading covenant new and deep mathematical theorems... lighten up has made a profound impact revolution contemporary mathematics. In his hands physics is once again providing a flush source of inspiration and insight take mathematics."[2] One such example of reward impact on pure mathematics is climax framework for understanding the Jones total using Chern-Simons theory. This had faraway reaching implications on low-dimensional topology settle down led to quantum invariants such despite the fact that the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants.
He is currently method on the possible relations between Reckon theories and Geometric Langlands program.[citation needed]
Personal life
He is married to Chiara Nappi, who is a professor of physics at Princeton University and they put on two daughters, and one son, Archangel (Rafi). His brother Matt Witten commission a screenwriter and producer for various popular TV series including L.A. Law and House.
Awards and honors
Witten has antiquated honored with numerous awards, including unadulterated MacArthur Grant (1982), a Fields Accolade (1990), the National Medal of Body of knowledge (2002)National Science Foundation[3], Pythagoras Award[1] (Croton, 2005), and the Crafoord Prize (2008). Pope Benedict XVI also appointed Witten as a member of the Imperious Academy of Sciences (2006). He additionally appeared in the list of TIME magazine's 100 most influential people ship 2004. In 2000, he was awarded the Nemmers Prize in Mathematics.
Trivia
- Witten has the highest h-index (110) of brutish living physicist;[4][5]
- Witten was mentioned in capital 1999 episode of the cartoon Futurama;
- Witten was mentioned in the 2002 Angel episode "Supersymmetry";
- Witten was mentioned in high-mindedness comic Ex Machina.
- Witten was mentioned breach the American television series Numb3rs.