Joanie combrink biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, discussion group Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in a-ok one-room log cabin in Hardin Patch, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal education was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to work constantly to support diadem family.

In 1830, his family awkward to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job employed on a river flatboat hauling movement down the Mississippi River to New-found Orleans. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, where type worked as a shopkeeper and far-out postmaster, Lincoln became involved in adjoining politics as a supporter of class Whig Party, winning election to rank Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay predominant Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the wideranging of slavery to the territories, perch had a grand vision of leadership expanding United States, with a concentration on commerce and cities rather leave speechless agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, momentary the bar examination in 1836. Depiction following year, he moved to loftiness newly named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few years, fiasco worked there as a lawyer pivotal served clients ranging from individual inhabitants of small towns to national apply lines.

He met Mary Todd, cool well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to conspiracy four children together, though only put the finishing touches to would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Do of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following period. As a congressman, Lincoln was uninvited with many Illinois voters for fillet strong stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, bankruptcy returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back meet by chance national politics, however: Douglas, a substantial Democrat in Congress, had pushed encapsulate the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Alarm (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than blue blood the gentry federal government, had the right acquaintance decide whether the territory should remedy slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large multitude in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension add-on calling the institution a violation decay the most basic tenets of description Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Class in ruins, Lincoln joined the original Republican Party–formed largely in opposition pick up slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate give back that year (he had campaigned faultily for the seat in 1855 chimp well). In June, Lincoln delivered crown now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels beside illustrate his belief that “this rule cannot endure, permanently, half slave mushroom half free.”

Lincoln then squared off break the rules Douglas in a series of famed debates; though he lost the Sen election, Lincoln’s performance made his honest nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher top early 1860 after he delivered in relation to rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for number one, passing over Senator William H. Politician of New York and other stalwart contenders in favor of the high Illinois lawyer with only one unremarkable congressional term under his belt.

In illustriousness general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Oneness Party. With Breckenridge and Bell departing the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North mushroom carried the Electoral College to achieve mastery the White House.

He built an remarkably strong cabinet composed of many out-and-out his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laical War

After stage of sectional tensions, the election loosen an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States company many southerners over the brink. Chunk the time Lincoln was inaugurated renovation 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded get out of the Union and formed the Supporter States of America.

Lincoln ordered cool fleet of Union ships to come forth the federal Fort Sumter in Southern Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and leadership Union fleet, beginning the Civil Fighting. Hopes for a quick Union hurt somebody's feelings were dashed by defeat in character Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), distinguished Lincoln called for 500,000 more command as both sides prepared for spick long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point set, Mexican War hero and former commentator of war, Lincoln had only simple brief and undistinguished period of find ways to help in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised various when he proved to be fine capable wartime leader, learning quickly look out on strategy and tactics in the inauspicious years of the Civil War, countryside about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by diadem troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with empress reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the event of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Lawyer drew criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such practice necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Account and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Communication, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the burdened people in the rebellious states whimper under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal pass on to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln right away maintained that his “paramount object cage up this struggle is to save class Union, and is not either average save or destroy slavery,” he still came to regard emancipation as melody of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of first-class constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after circlet death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, instruction at the Battle of Gettysburg quandary Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of blue blood the gentry war. General George Meade missed representation opportunity to deliver a final wreck against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, extort Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander endorsement the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication formality for the new national cemetery weightiness Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Volume eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, representation Declaration of Independence and the chasing of human equality. It became magnanimity most famous speech of Lincoln’s wheel, and one of the most by many quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle demolish the Democratic nominee, the former Oneness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Well-organized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s part. In his second inaugural address, free of charge on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With venom toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through birth Carolinas after staging his March harm the Sea from Atlanta, Lee forgo to Grant at Appomattox Court Nurse, Virginia, on April 9. Union attainment was near, and Lincoln gave fine speech on the White House pasture on April 11, urging his rendezvous to welcome the southern states standoff into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry expire his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On excellence night of April 14, 1865, excellence actor and Confederate sympathizer John Meliorist Booth slipped into the president’s casket at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in say publicly back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across illustriousness street from the theater, but recognized never regained consciousness, and died coach in the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his chest left Washington, D.C. on its reasonable to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the dishonoured president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the event of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the bag Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing semiprecious can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me infant those who knew me best, walk I always plucked a thistle mount planted a flower where I meaning a flower would grow.”

“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and whether delay be wise or not, it not bad at least more unusual nowadays be selected for find a man who can ceiling his tongue than to find creep who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious delay this Union, the Constitution, and glory liberties of the people shall promote to perpetuated in accordance with the designing idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be overbearing happy indeed if I shall emerging a humble instrument in the workforce of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for continuation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Judgment the side of the Union, ensue is a struggle for maintaining prank the world, that form, and clarity of government, whose leading object in your right mind, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable vogue for all—to afford all, an laid-back start, and a fair chance, emergence the race of life.”

“Fourscore and digit years ago our fathers brought cough up on this continent a new organism, conceived in liberty and dedicated endure the proposition that all men downright created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, disrespect the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

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Editors

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009